This study examined the effect of using the prediction strategy on second language (L2) listening performance. Thirty-four adult L2 learners studying English as a foreign language listened to a story which was divided into 10 segments; each segment was followed by a multiple-choice question. These participants were divided into two equal groups: the prediction group (who were presented with possible continuation choices for the story based on the previous segment) and the control group (who were presented with comprehension questions asking about information from the previous segment). At the end of the listening task, both groups received comprehension questions of two types: main-idea questions and specific-detail questions. The results showed that the prediction group significantly outperformed the control group only on the main-idea questions. This result aligns with previous research which found that using the prediction strategy enhances L2 learners’ comprehension and has a positive effect on L2 listening performance.