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A Qualitative Study Exploring Language Instructors’ Perceptions of 21st-Century College Learning

Mary Jo Lubrano

Center for Language Study, Yale University, USA

Abstract

This qualitative study examined the perceptions of language instructors regarding the effectiveness of instructional practices with multilingual and Generation Z learners in a private university in the northeastern United States. Drawing on theories of self‑efficacy and transformational leadership, the study explored instructors’ beliefs about effective teaching, their sense of preparedness to meet evolving learner needs, and their willingness to adopt innovative pedagogies. Data were gathered through biodata surveys and semi‑structured interviews with 16 purposefully sampled language educators. Thematic analysis revealed four major themes: (a) self‑efficacy, (b) characteristics and needs of the student population, (c) teaching methods, and (d) professional training. The findings highlight the importance of collegial collaboration, flexible and eclectic teaching approaches, and ongoing professional development tailored to multilingual learning environments. Recommendations for future research include incorporating multilingual students’ perspectives and examining the interplay between leadership, self‑efficacy, and pedagogical innovation.

Keywords

multilingualism, self-efficacy, transformational leadership, language pedagogy, Generation Z

Publication details

Journal: Journal of Applied Languages and Linguistics

Article type:

Volume:

Issue:

Publication Year:

Pages:

Research Article

8

2

2025

7-19

How to cite

Lubrano, M. J. (2025). A Qualitative Study Exploring Language Instructors’ Perceptions of 21st-Century College Learning. Journal of Applied Languages and Linguistics, 8(2), 7–19.

DOI

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